Underrun heels in horses can be a painful and debilitating condition that can affect their performance and overall well-being. Understanding the causes, prevention, and treatment options is crucial for any horse owner or caregiver. This article will delve into the complexities of underrun heels, providing you with the knowledge you need to ensure your horse’s hoof health.
Understanding Underrun Heels
Underrun heels, also known as long toe, low heel syndrome, occur when the heels of the hoof are too low and the toe grows excessively long. This imbalance disrupts the normal weight-bearing and biomechanics of the hoof, leading to various problems. The hoof wall at the heel becomes weak and crushed under, while the toe becomes overly long, further exacerbating the imbalance.
Causes of Underrun Heels
Several factors can contribute to the development of underrun heels. Improper trimming and shoeing are often the primary culprits. If the heels are trimmed too short or the shoes are not fitted correctly, it can disrupt the natural growth pattern of the hoof. Other contributing factors include poor nutrition, genetics, lack of movement, and certain hoof conditions like laminitis.
The Impact of Improper Trimming and Shoeing
Incorrect trimming practices, such as trimming the heels too low or leaving the toe too long, can create an imbalance in the hoof. Similarly, poorly fitted shoes can restrict heel growth and further contribute to the underrun heel problem.
The Role of Nutrition and Genetics
A balanced diet is essential for healthy hoof growth. Nutritional deficiencies can weaken the hoof wall, making it more susceptible to developing underrun heels. Genetics also play a role, as some horses are predisposed to this condition.
Environmental Factors and Hoof Conditions
Lack of movement and constant confinement on soft surfaces can prevent the heels from wearing down naturally, contributing to underrun heels. Certain hoof conditions, such as laminitis, can also weaken the hoof and alter its growth pattern, increasing the risk of this issue.
Preventing Underrun Heels
Prevention is key when it comes to managing underrun heels. Regular and correct hoof trimming is crucial. Ensure your farrier is experienced and understands the importance of maintaining proper hoof balance. Providing a balanced diet with adequate nutrients is essential for healthy hoof growth. Regular exercise and turnout on varied terrain can also help promote natural heel wear.
Treating Underrun Heels
Treating underrun heels involves addressing the underlying causes and restoring proper hoof balance. Corrective trimming and shoeing play a crucial role. Specialized shoes or pads may be used to support the heels and encourage proper growth. In some cases, therapeutic treatments and medications may be necessary to address any underlying hoof conditions.
Corrective Trimming and Shoeing Techniques
Corrective trimming focuses on gradually restoring the proper angle and length of the hoof. Specialized shoeing techniques, such as using wedge pads or bar shoes, can help support the heels and promote healthy growth.
What are the common signs of underrun heels in a horse?
Common signs include a long toe, low heels, cracks in the hoof wall, and lameness.
How can I prevent underrun heels in my horse?
Regular farrier visits, a balanced diet, and adequate exercise are key preventative measures.
What are the treatment options for underrun heels?
Treatment involves corrective trimming, specialized shoeing, and addressing any underlying conditions.
Conclusion
Underrun heels are a serious concern for horse owners, but with proper care and management, they can be prevented and treated effectively. By understanding the causes, implementing preventative measures, and seeking professional help when necessary, you can ensure your horse’s hooves remain healthy and strong, allowing them to live a comfortable and active life. Remember, regular farrier visits are crucial for maintaining proper hoof balance and addressing any potential issues early on.
FAQ
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Can underrun heels be completely cured? With proper management and corrective trimming, the hoof can often return to a more balanced state.
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How often should I have my horse’s hooves trimmed? Every 6-8 weeks is generally recommended, but this can vary depending on the individual horse and its environment.
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What kind of shoes are best for underrun heels? Your farrier can recommend the most appropriate shoeing strategy, which may involve bar shoes, wedge pads, or other specialized options.
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Can nutrition affect hoof health? Absolutely, a balanced diet is crucial for strong and healthy hooves.
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How can I tell if my horse has underrun heels? Look for signs like a long toe, low heels, and cracks in the hoof wall. Consult your farrier if you have any concerns.
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Is exercise important for hoof health? Yes, regular exercise promotes circulation and helps maintain proper hoof function.
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Can underrun heels cause lameness? Yes, underrun heels can cause discomfort and lameness in horses.
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